What is the principle of energy balance?

The principle of energy balance refers to the relationship between energy intake (the calories consumed through food and beverages) and energy expenditure (the calories burned through metabolic processes and physical activity). When the amount of energy consumed matches the amount of energy expended, a state of energy balance is achieved, which is crucial for maintaining body weight. If energy intake exceeds expenditure, weight gain occurs; conversely, if expenditure exceeds intake, weight loss occurs.

Understanding energy balance is essential in nutrition because it influences body composition, metabolism, and various health outcomes. Effective weight management strategies often focus on achieving and maintaining this balance through appropriate dietary choices and physical activity levels. This principle serves as a foundation for many nutritional guidelines and programs aimed at promoting overall health and wellness.