What nutrient primarily needs to be limited in a sodium-restricted diet for a client with Ménière disease?

In a sodium-restricted diet, especially for individuals with Ménière disease, the primary nutrient that needs to be limited is sodium. Ménière disease is a condition that affects the inner ear and can lead to symptoms like vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss. One of the contributing factors to the progression of this disease is fluid retention. High sodium intake can exacerbate fluid retention, leading to increased pressure in the inner ear, which can worsen the symptoms of the condition. Therefore, restricting sodium can help manage fluid levels and alleviate some of the symptoms associated with Ménière disease, making it essential for dietary modification in affected individuals.

While protein, carbohydrates, and fat are important components of a balanced diet, they do not have the same direct impact on fluid retention and inner ear pressure as sodium does in the context of Ménière disease. Hence, sodium is the nutrient that is specifically emphasized for limitation in this dietary approach.